Accident

Accident: Accidents are improper, uncontrolled and unplanned event which cause or likely to injury, it is something which is unexpected on unpredictable. This may occur post ignoring lots of near misses.

          Hazardous are as hones are present in various industries. National Electric Code and IS: 5572 Part 1 – 1970 give classification of hazardous zones as Zone-1 and Zone-2 as under.

Impact of Accidents:

• Loss of life (injury or death of worker)
• Damage to environment
• Damage to property (plant and equipment)
• Loss / Disruption of production and production schedules
• Lower morale of personnel
• Prolonged absence of trained worker for treatment

Accident Outcome: Accident take place when employees ignore safety rules (Safe Working Practices) and management ignores unsafe condition.

Types of Accidents

• Accident’s requiring First Aid: Accident’s primary treatment to resolve small cuts, burns, injury is called first aid.
  
• Non-Lost Time Accident: An injured person reporting to duty within 48 hours.
• Lost Time Accident: An injured person not reporting to duty within 48 hours.
• Serious Accident: Injured workers unfit to work for 21 days or more due to accident.
• Near Miss Accident: Accident has not happened, but it could have happened.
• Fatal Injury: Injury that lead to death/ permanent disability.
• Dangerous Occurrence: Occurrence which are likely to cause harm/injury.

Indirect cause (contributing) of accident:

• Mental condition of that person (Direct cause): less age, lack of experience, lack of attitude, lack of coordination, lack of concentration.
• Physical
• Supervisory safety performance
• Environmental cause

Cause of Accidents

Contributory Cause:

Mental condition of the worker

• Immature age.
• Inexperience.
• Improper attitude, horseplay.
• Lack of condition.
• Lack of concentration.

Physical condition of the worker

• Extremely fatigue
• Physically unqualified for the job
• Physical handicapped
• Bad state of health

Supervisory safety performance to include

• Safety instruction not given.
• Safety rules not enforced.
• Hazardous condition not corrected or implemented.
• Poor discipline.

Environmental Cause

• Insufficient illumination and ventilation.
• Extreme temperatures and toxic environment.
• Excessive noise.
• Unsafe working speeds and long working hours.
• Extreme pressure of work.